The color is perception that the eye has for one or more frequencies of light waves, with an amplitude given, which is even use on coloring games.

The babies have an early and lateralized vision of the color, controlled by the left eye in infancy, then in the larger child and the adult, by the right eye, in the left hemisphere of the brain, where the surface of the language is also located.
The scientists has showed as the acuity of perception of the colors is increased in the ethnicities having a language rich in words describing the colored nuances.
In the same way the nuances are detected more quickly when the words to describe them exist in the language.
It is important never to confuse the color, perceptive concept, and wavelength, physical concept. Thus, the human eye is generally unable to distinguish a monochromatic yellow (only one wavelength) from a corresponding composition of green and red
This illusion makes possible to post yellow on our screens of computer, and, more generally any color thanks to the trichromatic additive synthesis.
The rainbow being the spectrum monochromatic wavelengths, comprises only one weak subset of the visible colors by the human eye (but a contrario contains invisible wavelengths to the human eye).
The pink, for example, does not appear there: it is about a mixing that cannot restore any monochromatic wavelength. The pink is indeed consisted the accumulation of several monochromatic waves.
The only known process of integral restitution of the colors, i.e. fixing the real mixing wavelengths starting and not its simple projection on a limited number of axes of colour, is the interferential photography of Lippmann (1891), expensive and of implementation as constraining as holography, because functioning him also on the principle of the interferences.
Polychrome processes (trichromatic, quadrichromes, hexachromes?) he are thus preferred.